Browsing by Subject "Wind power"
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- ItemOpen AccessAssessing the effectiveness of national solar and wind energy policies in South Africa(Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town., 2010) Edkins, Max; Marquard, Andrew; Winkler, HaraldThe report assesses the progress made on renewable energy deployment for the solar and wind technologies over the last 12 years in South Africa. First the report assesses the potential contribution solar water heaters (SWHs), concentrating solar power (CSP), large-scale photovoltaic (PV) farms and wind technology can bring to South Africa’s energy demand by 2030. It highlights what the mid-term potential for each is by 2030 and compares this with the deployment of each over the past 12 years. From this a renewable energy policy effectiveness value is calculated based on the method developed in the Deploying Renewables Report (IEA, 2008a) and this is critically assessed. Finally, the report assesses the factors involved in renewable energy deployment, or the lack thereof, in South Africa and discusses recent developments in the field. The compilation of this paper was based on desktop reviews; data interpretation from multiple sources; expert opinion of the authors and peer reviewers; and interviews with experts in the field. A number of interviews were conducted at the ISES International Solar Energy Society Conference in October 2009 and the Energy 2010 Indaba in February 2010. The data used in this report to formulate the projections is from a number of sources and has been independently reviewed.
- ItemOpen AccessCosting a 2020 target of 15% renewable electricity for South Africa - Final Draft(Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town., 2008) Marquard, Andrew; Merven, Bruno; Tyler, Emily; Hagemann, KilianThis study explores the implications of a renewable energy target, with South Africa setting and achieving 15% of electricity generated from renewables by 2020 We report the effects of 15% renewable electricity on the total cost of electricity production, investment in electricity infrastructure, and national greenhouse gas emissions. Achieving such a target will pose institutional, financing and policy challenges and we consider several options. The two most promising technologies for South African conditions are wind and solar thermal electricity.
- ItemOpen AccessFeito no Brasil? Made in South Africa? Boosting technological development through local content requirements in the wind energy industry(Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town., 2013) Rennkamp, Britta; Westin, Fernanda FortesHow can local content requirements (LCR) boost technological capability for renewable energy? This paper investigates the implementation of LCR in the wind energy in Brazil and South Africa. Brazil tried to grow a local wind industry requiring 60% domestic content in each installation since 2004. South Africa demands up to 45% domestic content in its recent program. The benefits of these requirements are heavily debated. The rationale behind LCR is that governments in developing countries intend to stimulate jobs in new industries and to accelerate technological development. This market intervention imposes a barrier for international manufacturers, as local manufacturing can push up the technology prices. Based on evidence from Brazil and South Africa, we find that LCR fall short as a single technology policy instrument. The Brazilian case shows that LCR incentivized the domestic production of low and medium technology content. These are the heavy parts, such as the towers, which are difficult to transport. Recently, parts of the nacelle, hubs and blades have increasingly been manufactured locally. High technology-intensive components, however, continue to be imported. Boosting local industries requires not just restrictive measure such as content requirements but, more importantly, it requires active support of technological capability.